diff --git a/logo_detection_detr.py b/logo_detection_detr.py
index 7cbbd8d..06e42b6 100644
--- a/logo_detection_detr.py
+++ b/logo_detection_detr.py
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ import cv2
 import numpy as np
 from pathlib import Path
 from typing import List, Tuple, Dict, Optional, Any
+from difflib import SequenceMatcher
 
 
 class DetectLogosDETR:
@@ -49,6 +50,7 @@ class DetectLogosDETR:
         detr_threshold: float = 0.5,
         min_box_size: int = 20,
         nms_iou_threshold: float = 0.5,
+        preprocess_mode: str = "default",
     ):
         """
         Initialize DETR and embedding models.
@@ -64,12 +66,17 @@ class DetectLogosDETR:
             detr_threshold: Confidence threshold for DETR detections (0-1)
             min_box_size: Minimum width/height in pixels for detected boxes (filters noise)
             nms_iou_threshold: IoU threshold for Non-Maximum Suppression
+            preprocess_mode: Image preprocessing mode for CLIP:
+                - "default": Use CLIP's default (resize shortest edge + center crop)
+                - "letterbox": Pad to square with black bars, preserving aspect ratio
+                - "stretch": Stretch to square (distorts aspect ratio)
         """
         self.logger = logger
         self.detr_threshold = detr_threshold
         self.min_box_size = min_box_size
         self.nms_iou_threshold = nms_iou_threshold
         self.embedding_model_name = embedding_model
+        self.preprocess_mode = preprocess_mode
 
         # Set device
         self.device_str = "cuda:0" if torch.cuda.is_available() else "cpu"
@@ -116,6 +123,8 @@ class DetectLogosDETR:
                 self.embedding_model = AutoModel.from_pretrained(embedding_model_path).to(self.device)
                 self.embedding_processor = AutoImageProcessor.from_pretrained(embedding_model_path)
 
+        if self.preprocess_mode != "default":
+            self.logger.info(f"Image preprocessing mode: {self.preprocess_mode}")
         self.logger.info("DetectLogosDETR initialization complete")
 
     def _detect_model_type(self, model_name: str) -> str:
@@ -402,6 +411,46 @@ class DetectLogosDETR:
 
         return self._get_embedding_pil(pil_image)
 
+    def _preprocess_image(self, pil_image: Image.Image, target_size: int = 224) -> Image.Image:
+        """
+        Preprocess image based on the configured preprocessing mode.
+
+        Args:
+            pil_image: PIL Image (RGB format)
+            target_size: Target size for the square output (default 224 for CLIP)
+
+        Returns:
+            Preprocessed PIL Image
+        """
+        if self.preprocess_mode == "default":
+            # Let the processor handle it (resize shortest edge + center crop)
+            return pil_image
+
+        width, height = pil_image.size
+
+        if self.preprocess_mode == "letterbox":
+            # Pad to square with black bars, preserving aspect ratio
+            max_dim = max(width, height)
+
+            # Create a black square canvas
+            new_image = Image.new("RGB", (max_dim, max_dim), (0, 0, 0))
+
+            # Paste the original image centered
+            paste_x = (max_dim - width) // 2
+            paste_y = (max_dim - height) // 2
+            new_image.paste(pil_image, (paste_x, paste_y))
+
+            # Resize to target size
+            return new_image.resize((target_size, target_size), Image.LANCZOS)
+
+        elif self.preprocess_mode == "stretch":
+            # Stretch to square (distorts aspect ratio)
+            return pil_image.resize((target_size, target_size), Image.LANCZOS)
+
+        else:
+            # Unknown mode, return original
+            return pil_image
+
     def _get_embedding_pil(self, pil_image: Image.Image) -> torch.Tensor:
         """
         Internal method to get embedding from PIL image.
@@ -414,6 +463,10 @@ class DetectLogosDETR:
         Returns:
             Normalized feature embedding (torch.Tensor)
         """
+        # Apply preprocessing if configured
+        if self.preprocess_mode != "default":
+            pil_image = self._preprocess_image(pil_image)
+
         # Process image through the embedding model
         inputs = self.embedding_processor(images=pil_image, return_tensors="pt").to(self.device)
 
@@ -712,4 +765,311 @@ class DetectLogosDETR:
             f"(threshold: {similarity_threshold})"
         )
 
-        return matched_detections
\ No newline at end of file
+        return matched_detections
+
+    # =========================================================================
+    # Hybrid Text + CLIP Matching
+    # =========================================================================
+
+    def set_text_detector(self, text_detector) -> None:
+        """
+        Set an optional text detector for hybrid matching.
+
+        Args:
+            text_detector: Instance of DetectText class from text_recognition.py
+        """
+        self.text_detector = text_detector
+        self.logger.info("Text detector enabled for hybrid matching")
+
+    def extract_text(self, image: np.ndarray, min_confidence: float = 0.3) -> List[str]:
+        """
+        Extract text from an image using the text detector.
+
+        Args:
+            image: OpenCV image (BGR format)
+            min_confidence: Minimum OCR confidence to accept text
+
+        Returns:
+            List of detected text strings (lowercased, stripped)
+        """
+        if not hasattr(self, 'text_detector') or self.text_detector is None:
+            return []
+
+        try:
+            results, _ = self.text_detector.detect(image)
+            # Filter by confidence and normalize text
+            texts = []
+            for text, confidence in results:
+                if confidence >= min_confidence:
+                    # Normalize: lowercase, strip whitespace, remove special chars
+                    normalized = text.lower().strip()
+                    if len(normalized) >= 2:  # Ignore single characters
+                        texts.append(normalized)
+            return texts
+        except Exception as e:
+            self.logger.warning(f"Text extraction failed: {e}")
+            return []
+
+    def extract_text_pil(self, pil_image: Image.Image, min_confidence: float = 0.3) -> List[str]:
+        """
+        Extract text from a PIL image.
+
+        Args:
+            pil_image: PIL Image (RGB format)
+            min_confidence: Minimum OCR confidence
+
+        Returns:
+            List of detected text strings
+        """
+        # Convert PIL to OpenCV format
+        cv_image = cv2.cvtColor(np.array(pil_image), cv2.COLOR_RGB2BGR)
+        return self.extract_text(cv_image, min_confidence)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def compute_text_similarity(text1_list: List[str], text2_list: List[str]) -> float:
+        """
+        Compute fuzzy text similarity between two lists of text strings.
+
+        Uses a combination of exact matches and fuzzy matching to handle
+        OCR variations like case differences, spacing, and minor errors.
+
+        Args:
+            text1_list: List of text strings from first image
+            text2_list: List of text strings from second image
+
+        Returns:
+            Similarity score between 0 and 1
+        """
+        if not text1_list or not text2_list:
+            return 0.0
+
+        # Combine all text into single strings for overall comparison
+        text1_combined = " ".join(sorted(text1_list))
+        text2_combined = " ".join(sorted(text2_list))
+
+        # Method 1: Sequence matching on combined text
+        seq_similarity = SequenceMatcher(None, text1_combined, text2_combined).ratio()
+
+        # Method 2: Token overlap (Jaccard-like)
+        # Split into tokens
+        tokens1 = set(text1_combined.split())
+        tokens2 = set(text2_combined.split())
+
+        if tokens1 and tokens2:
+            intersection = len(tokens1 & tokens2)
+            union = len(tokens1 | tokens2)
+            token_similarity = intersection / union if union > 0 else 0
+        else:
+            token_similarity = 0
+
+        # Method 3: Best pairwise match for each text in list1
+        pairwise_scores = []
+        for t1 in text1_list:
+            best_match = 0
+            for t2 in text2_list:
+                score = SequenceMatcher(None, t1, t2).ratio()
+                best_match = max(best_match, score)
+            pairwise_scores.append(best_match)
+
+        pairwise_similarity = sum(pairwise_scores) / len(pairwise_scores) if pairwise_scores else 0
+
+        # Combine methods (weighted average)
+        combined = (seq_similarity * 0.3 + token_similarity * 0.3 + pairwise_similarity * 0.4)
+
+        return combined
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def texts_match(
+        ref_texts: List[str],
+        det_texts: List[str],
+        threshold: float = 0.5
+    ) -> Tuple[bool, float]:
+        """
+        Determine if texts match above a threshold.
+
+        Args:
+            ref_texts: Text from reference logo
+            det_texts: Text from detected region
+            threshold: Minimum similarity to consider a match
+
+        Returns:
+            Tuple of (is_match, similarity_score)
+        """
+        if not ref_texts:
+            # Reference has no text - can't match on text
+            return (False, 0.0)
+
+        if not det_texts:
+            # Reference has text but detection doesn't - no text match
+            return (False, 0.0)
+
+        similarity = DetectLogosDETR.compute_text_similarity(ref_texts, det_texts)
+        return (similarity >= threshold, similarity)
+
+    def find_best_match_hybrid(
+        self,
+        detected_embedding: torch.Tensor,
+        detected_image: np.ndarray,
+        reference_data: Dict[str, Dict[str, Any]],
+        clip_threshold: float = 0.70,
+        clip_threshold_with_text: float = 0.60,
+        clip_threshold_text_mismatch: float = 0.80,
+        text_similarity_threshold: float = 0.5,
+        margin: float = 0.05,
+        use_mean_similarity: bool = False,
+    ) -> Optional[Tuple[str, float, Dict[str, Any]]]:
+        """
+        Find best match using hybrid text + CLIP approach.
+
+        Strategy:
+        - If reference has text AND detection has matching text:
+          → Use lower CLIP threshold (text provides additional confidence)
+        - If reference has text but detection doesn't match:
+          → Use higher CLIP threshold (need more visual confidence)
+        - If reference has no text:
+          → Use standard CLIP threshold
+
+        Args:
+            detected_embedding: CLIP embedding from detected logo region
+            detected_image: OpenCV image of the detected region (for text extraction)
+            reference_data: Dict mapping logo name to:
+                {
+                    'embeddings': List[torch.Tensor],  # CLIP embeddings
+                    'texts': List[str],  # Extracted text from reference
+                }
+            clip_threshold: Standard CLIP threshold for no-text references
+            clip_threshold_with_text: Lower threshold when text matches
+            clip_threshold_text_mismatch: Higher threshold when text expected but missing
+            text_similarity_threshold: Threshold for text matching
+            margin: Required margin between best and second-best
+            use_mean_similarity: Use mean vs max for multi-ref aggregation
+
+        Returns:
+            Tuple of (label, clip_similarity, match_info) or None
+            match_info contains: text_matched, text_similarity, threshold_used
+        """
+        if not reference_data:
+            return None
+
+        # Extract text from detected region
+        detected_texts = self.extract_text(detected_image)
+
+        # Calculate scores for all logos
+        logo_scores = []
+
+        for label, ref_info in reference_data.items():
+            ref_embeddings = ref_info.get('embeddings', [])
+            ref_texts = ref_info.get('texts', [])
+
+            if not ref_embeddings:
+                continue
+
+            # Calculate CLIP similarity
+            similarities = []
+            for ref_emb in ref_embeddings:
+                sim = self.compare_embeddings(detected_embedding, ref_emb)
+                similarities.append(sim)
+
+            if use_mean_similarity:
+                clip_score = sum(similarities) / len(similarities)
+            else:
+                clip_score = max(similarities)
+
+            # Determine text match status and appropriate threshold
+            has_ref_text = len(ref_texts) > 0
+            text_matched, text_sim = self.texts_match(
+                ref_texts, detected_texts, text_similarity_threshold
+            )
+
+            if has_ref_text:
+                if text_matched:
+                    # Text matches - use lower threshold, boost confidence
+                    threshold_used = clip_threshold_with_text
+                    match_type = "text_match"
+                else:
+                    # Reference has text but detection doesn't match
+                    # Require higher CLIP threshold
+                    threshold_used = clip_threshold_text_mismatch
+                    match_type = "text_mismatch"
+            else:
+                # No text in reference - standard matching
+                threshold_used = clip_threshold
+                match_type = "no_text"
+                text_sim = 0.0
+
+            # Check if CLIP score meets the appropriate threshold
+            if clip_score >= threshold_used:
+                logo_scores.append({
+                    'label': label,
+                    'clip_score': clip_score,
+                    'text_matched': text_matched,
+                    'text_similarity': text_sim,
+                    'threshold_used': threshold_used,
+                    'match_type': match_type,
+                    'has_ref_text': has_ref_text,
+                })
+
+        if not logo_scores:
+            return None
+
+        # Sort by CLIP score descending
+        logo_scores.sort(key=lambda x: x['clip_score'], reverse=True)
+
+        best = logo_scores[0]
+
+        # Check margin against second-best
+        if margin > 0 and len(logo_scores) > 1:
+            second_best_score = logo_scores[1]['clip_score']
+            if best['clip_score'] - second_best_score < margin:
+                return None
+
+        match_info = {
+            'text_matched': best['text_matched'],
+            'text_similarity': best['text_similarity'],
+            'threshold_used': best['threshold_used'],
+            'match_type': best['match_type'],
+            'has_ref_text': best['has_ref_text'],
+            'detected_texts': detected_texts,
+        }
+
+        return (best['label'], best['clip_score'], match_info)
+
+    def prepare_reference_data_hybrid(
+        self,
+        reference_images: Dict[str, List[np.ndarray]],
+        text_min_confidence: float = 0.3,
+    ) -> Dict[str, Dict[str, Any]]:
+        """
+        Prepare reference data for hybrid matching by computing embeddings and extracting text.
+
+        Args:
+            reference_images: Dict mapping logo name to list of reference images (OpenCV BGR)
+            text_min_confidence: Minimum confidence for text extraction
+
+        Returns:
+            Dict mapping logo name to {'embeddings': [...], 'texts': [...]}
+        """
+        reference_data = {}
+
+        for logo_name, images in reference_images.items():
+            embeddings = []
+            all_texts = set()
+
+            for img in images:
+                # Compute CLIP embedding
+                emb = self.get_embedding(img)
+                embeddings.append(emb)
+
+                # Extract text
+                texts = self.extract_text(img, text_min_confidence)
+                all_texts.update(texts)
+
+            reference_data[logo_name] = {
+                'embeddings': embeddings,
+                'texts': list(all_texts),
+            }
+
+            if all_texts:
+                self.logger.debug(f"Reference '{logo_name}' has text: {all_texts}")
+
+        return reference_data
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/run_hybrid_test.sh b/run_hybrid_test.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..99843d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/run_hybrid_test.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+#
+# Test the hybrid text+CLIP matching approach for logo detection.
+#
+# This approach uses text recognition to improve logo matching:
+# - If reference logo has text and detection matches it: use lower CLIP threshold
+# - If reference logo has text but detection doesn't match: use higher CLIP threshold
+# - If reference logo has no text: use standard CLIP threshold
+#
+# Usage:
+#   ./run_hybrid_test.sh
+#
+
+SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" && pwd)"
+OUTPUT_FILE="${SCRIPT_DIR}/test_results/hybrid_matching_results.txt"
+
+# Model - baseline CLIP
+MODEL="openai/clip-vit-large-patch14"
+
+# Fixed parameters
+NUM_LOGOS=20
+REFS_PER_LOGO=10
+POSITIVE_SAMPLES=20
+NEGATIVE_SAMPLES=100
+SEED=42
+
+# Create output directory if needed
+mkdir -p "${SCRIPT_DIR}/test_results"
+
+# Clear output file and write header
+cat > "$OUTPUT_FILE" << EOF
+Hybrid Text+CLIP Matching Test Results
+======================================
+Date: $(date)
+
+Model: ${MODEL}
+
+Fixed Parameters:
+  Number of logo brands: ${NUM_LOGOS}
+  Refs per logo: ${REFS_PER_LOGO}
+  Positive samples/logo: ${POSITIVE_SAMPLES}
+  Negative samples/logo: ${NEGATIVE_SAMPLES}
+  Seed: ${SEED}
+
+EOF
+
+echo "Hybrid Text+CLIP Matching Test"
+echo "==============================="
+echo "Model: ${MODEL}"
+echo ""
+
+# Test 1: Compare hybrid vs multi-ref baseline
+echo "=== Test 1: Multi-ref baseline (for comparison) ==="
+echo "" >> "$OUTPUT_FILE"
+echo "=== BASELINE: Multi-ref (max) at threshold 0.70 ===" >> "$OUTPUT_FILE"
+
+uv run python "$SCRIPT_DIR/test_logo_detection.py" \
+    --num-logos $NUM_LOGOS \
+    --refs-per-logo $REFS_PER_LOGO \
+    --positive-samples $POSITIVE_SAMPLES \
+    --negative-samples $NEGATIVE_SAMPLES \
+    --matching-method multi-ref \
+    --min-matching-refs 1 \
+    --use-max-similarity \
+    --threshold 0.70 \
+    --margin 0.05 \
+    --seed $SEED \
+    --embedding-model "$MODEL" \
+    --output-file "$OUTPUT_FILE" \
+    --no-cache
+
+echo ""
+
+# Test 2: Hybrid with default thresholds
+echo "=== Test 2: Hybrid with default thresholds ==="
+echo "" >> "$OUTPUT_FILE"
+echo "=== HYBRID: default thresholds (0.70/0.60/0.80) ===" >> "$OUTPUT_FILE"
+
+uv run python "$SCRIPT_DIR/test_logo_detection.py" \
+    --num-logos $NUM_LOGOS \
+    --refs-per-logo $REFS_PER_LOGO \
+    --positive-samples $POSITIVE_SAMPLES \
+    --negative-samples $NEGATIVE_SAMPLES \
+    --matching-method hybrid \
+    --threshold 0.70 \
+    --hybrid-text-threshold 0.60 \
+    --hybrid-no-text-threshold 0.80 \
+    --text-similarity-threshold 0.5 \
+    --margin 0.05 \
+    --seed $SEED \
+    --embedding-model "$MODEL" \
+    --output-file "$OUTPUT_FILE" \
+    --no-cache
+
+echo ""
+
+# Test 3: Hybrid with more aggressive text bonus
+echo "=== Test 3: Hybrid with lower text-match threshold ==="
+echo "" >> "$OUTPUT_FILE"
+echo "=== HYBRID: aggressive text bonus (0.70/0.55/0.80) ===" >> "$OUTPUT_FILE"
+
+uv run python "$SCRIPT_DIR/test_logo_detection.py" \
+    --num-logos $NUM_LOGOS \
+    --refs-per-logo $REFS_PER_LOGO \
+    --positive-samples $POSITIVE_SAMPLES \
+    --negative-samples $NEGATIVE_SAMPLES \
+    --matching-method hybrid \
+    --threshold 0.70 \
+    --hybrid-text-threshold 0.55 \
+    --hybrid-no-text-threshold 0.80 \
+    --text-similarity-threshold 0.5 \
+    --margin 0.05 \
+    --seed $SEED \
+    --embedding-model "$MODEL" \
+    --output-file "$OUTPUT_FILE" \
+    --no-cache
+
+echo ""
+
+# Test 4: Hybrid with stricter text mismatch penalty
+echo "=== Test 4: Hybrid with stricter text mismatch penalty ==="
+echo "" >> "$OUTPUT_FILE"
+echo "=== HYBRID: strict mismatch (0.70/0.60/0.85) ===" >> "$OUTPUT_FILE"
+
+uv run python "$SCRIPT_DIR/test_logo_detection.py" \
+    --num-logos $NUM_LOGOS \
+    --refs-per-logo $REFS_PER_LOGO \
+    --positive-samples $POSITIVE_SAMPLES \
+    --negative-samples $NEGATIVE_SAMPLES \
+    --matching-method hybrid \
+    --threshold 0.70 \
+    --hybrid-text-threshold 0.60 \
+    --hybrid-no-text-threshold 0.85 \
+    --text-similarity-threshold 0.5 \
+    --margin 0.05 \
+    --seed $SEED \
+    --embedding-model "$MODEL" \
+    --output-file "$OUTPUT_FILE" \
+    --no-cache
+
+echo ""
+
+# Test 5: Hybrid with lower text similarity threshold (more lenient OCR matching)
+echo "=== Test 5: Hybrid with lenient text matching ==="
+echo "" >> "$OUTPUT_FILE"
+echo "=== HYBRID: lenient text matching (text_sim=0.4) ===" >> "$OUTPUT_FILE"
+
+uv run python "$SCRIPT_DIR/test_logo_detection.py" \
+    --num-logos $NUM_LOGOS \
+    --refs-per-logo $REFS_PER_LOGO \
+    --positive-samples $POSITIVE_SAMPLES \
+    --negative-samples $NEGATIVE_SAMPLES \
+    --matching-method hybrid \
+    --threshold 0.70 \
+    --hybrid-text-threshold 0.60 \
+    --hybrid-no-text-threshold 0.80 \
+    --text-similarity-threshold 0.4 \
+    --margin 0.05 \
+    --seed $SEED \
+    --embedding-model "$MODEL" \
+    --output-file "$OUTPUT_FILE" \
+    --no-cache
+
+echo ""
+echo "======================================="
+echo "Tests complete!"
+echo "Results saved to: $OUTPUT_FILE"
+echo "======================================="
diff --git a/run_preprocess_test.sh b/run_preprocess_test.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..ddcbf72
--- /dev/null
+++ b/run_preprocess_test.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+#
+# Test different image preprocessing modes to determine if they improve
+# CLIP embedding accuracy for logo matching.
+#
+# Preprocessing modes tested:
+#   - default:   CLIP's default (resize shortest edge + center crop)
+#   - letterbox: Pad to square with black bars, preserving aspect ratio
+#   - stretch:   Stretch to square (distorts aspect ratio)
+#
+# Usage:
+#   ./run_preprocess_test.sh
+#
+
+SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" && pwd)"
+OUTPUT_FILE="${SCRIPT_DIR}/test_results/preprocessing_comparison.txt"
+
+# Model - baseline CLIP (testing preprocessing effect on standard model)
+MODEL="openai/clip-vit-large-patch14"
+
+# Fixed parameters (same as refs_per_logo test for comparability)
+NUM_LOGOS=20
+REFS_PER_LOGO=10
+POSITIVE_SAMPLES=20
+NEGATIVE_SAMPLES=100
+MIN_MATCHING_REFS=1
+THRESHOLD=0.70
+MARGIN=0.05
+SEED=42
+
+# Preprocessing modes to test
+MODES="default letterbox stretch"
+
+# Create output directory if needed
+mkdir -p "${SCRIPT_DIR}/test_results"
+
+# Clear output file and write header
+cat > "$OUTPUT_FILE" << EOF
+Image Preprocessing Comparison Test
+====================================
+Date: $(date)
+
+Model: ${MODEL}
+Method: multi-ref (max)
+
+Fixed Parameters:
+  Number of logo brands: ${NUM_LOGOS}
+  Refs per logo: ${REFS_PER_LOGO}
+  Similarity threshold: ${THRESHOLD}
+  Margin: ${MARGIN}
+  Min matching refs: ${MIN_MATCHING_REFS}
+  Positive samples/logo: ${POSITIVE_SAMPLES}
+  Negative samples/logo: ${NEGATIVE_SAMPLES}
+  Seed: ${SEED}
+
+Testing preprocessing modes: ${MODES}
+
+EOF
+
+echo "Image Preprocessing Comparison Test"
+echo "===================================="
+echo "Model: ${MODEL}"
+echo "Testing preprocessing modes: ${MODES}"
+echo ""
+
+# Results table header
+echo "Results Summary:" >> "$OUTPUT_FILE"
+echo "----------------" >> "$OUTPUT_FILE"
+printf "%-12s %8s %8s %8s %8s %8s %8s\n" "Mode" "TP" "FP" "FN" "Prec" "Recall" "F1" >> "$OUTPUT_FILE"
+echo "------------------------------------------------------------------------" >> "$OUTPUT_FILE"
+
+# Track best result
+BEST_F1=0
+BEST_MODE="default"
+
+for MODE in ${MODES}; do
+    echo "=== Testing preprocess_mode=${MODE} ==="
+
+    # Clear cache to ensure fresh embeddings with new preprocessing
+    rm -f "${SCRIPT_DIR}/.embedding_cache.pkl"
+
+    # Run test and capture output
+    OUTPUT=$(uv run python "$SCRIPT_DIR/test_logo_detection.py" \
+        --num-logos $NUM_LOGOS \
+        --refs-per-logo $REFS_PER_LOGO \
+        --positive-samples $POSITIVE_SAMPLES \
+        --negative-samples $NEGATIVE_SAMPLES \
+        --matching-method multi-ref \
+        --min-matching-refs $MIN_MATCHING_REFS \
+        --use-max-similarity \
+        --threshold $THRESHOLD \
+        --margin $MARGIN \
+        --seed $SEED \
+        --embedding-model "$MODEL" \
+        --preprocess-mode "$MODE" \
+        --no-cache \
+        2>&1)
+
+    # Extract metrics
+    TP=$(echo "${OUTPUT}" | grep "True Positives" | grep -oE "[0-9]+" | head -1)
+    FP=$(echo "${OUTPUT}" | grep "False Positives" | grep -oE "[0-9]+" | head -1)
+    FN=$(echo "${OUTPUT}" | grep "False Negatives" | grep -oE "[0-9]+" | head -1)
+    PREC=$(echo "${OUTPUT}" | grep "Precision:" | grep -oE "[0-9]+\.[0-9]+%" | head -1)
+    RECALL=$(echo "${OUTPUT}" | grep "Recall:" | grep -oE "[0-9]+\.[0-9]+%" | head -1)
+    F1=$(echo "${OUTPUT}" | grep "F1 Score:" | grep -oE "[0-9]+\.[0-9]+%" | head -1)
+
+    # Print to console
+    echo "  TP: ${TP}, FP: ${FP}, FN: ${FN}"
+    echo "  Precision: ${PREC}, Recall: ${RECALL}, F1: ${F1}"
+    echo ""
+
+    # Add to results table
+    printf "%-12s %8s %8s %8s %8s %8s %8s\n" "${MODE}" "${TP}" "${FP}" "${FN}" "${PREC}" "${RECALL}" "${F1}" >> "$OUTPUT_FILE"
+
+    # Track best F1
+    F1_NUM=$(echo "${F1}" | tr -d '%')
+    if [ -n "$F1_NUM" ]; then
+        BETTER=$(echo "${F1_NUM} > ${BEST_F1}" | bc -l 2>/dev/null || echo "0")
+        if [ "$BETTER" = "1" ]; then
+            BEST_F1="${F1_NUM}"
+            BEST_MODE="${MODE}"
+        fi
+    fi
+
+    # Also append full output for this test
+    echo "" >> "$OUTPUT_FILE"
+    echo "======================================================================" >> "$OUTPUT_FILE"
+    echo "DETAILED RESULTS: preprocess_mode=${MODE}" >> "$OUTPUT_FILE"
+    echo "======================================================================" >> "$OUTPUT_FILE"
+    echo "${OUTPUT}" | grep -A 50 "Configuration:" | head -30 >> "$OUTPUT_FILE"
+    echo "" >> "$OUTPUT_FILE"
+done
+
+# Summary
+echo "------------------------------------------------------------------------" >> "$OUTPUT_FILE"
+echo "" >> "$OUTPUT_FILE"
+echo "BEST PREPROCESSING MODE: ${BEST_MODE} (F1 = ${BEST_F1}%)" >> "$OUTPUT_FILE"
+echo "" >> "$OUTPUT_FILE"
+echo "Notes:" >> "$OUTPUT_FILE"
+echo "  - default: CLIP's standard preprocessing (resize shortest edge + center crop)" >> "$OUTPUT_FILE"
+echo "  - letterbox: Pads image to square with black bars, preserving aspect ratio" >> "$OUTPUT_FILE"
+echo "  - stretch: Resizes image to square, distorting aspect ratio" >> "$OUTPUT_FILE"
+echo "" >> "$OUTPUT_FILE"
+
+echo "======================================="
+echo "BEST: preprocess_mode=${BEST_MODE} (F1 = ${BEST_F1}%)"
+echo "======================================="
+echo ""
+echo "Results saved to: $OUTPUT_FILE"
diff --git a/test_logo_detection.py b/test_logo_detection.py
index 7326394..ec3580e 100755
--- a/test_logo_detection.py
+++ b/test_logo_detection.py
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ import random
 import sqlite3
 import sys
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Dict, List, Optional, Set, Tuple
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Set, Tuple
 
 import cv2
 import torch
@@ -243,11 +243,12 @@ def main():
     parser.add_argument(
         "--matching-method",
         type=str,
-        choices=["simple", "margin", "multi-ref"],
+        choices=["simple", "margin", "multi-ref", "hybrid"],
         default="margin",
         help="Matching method: 'simple' returns all matches above threshold, "
              "'margin' requires confidence margin over 2nd best, "
-             "'multi-ref' aggregates scores across reference images (default: margin)",
+             "'multi-ref' aggregates scores across reference images, "
+             "'hybrid' combines text recognition with CLIP (default: margin)",
     )
     parser.add_argument(
         "--min-matching-refs",
@@ -260,6 +261,25 @@ def main():
         action="store_true",
         help="For 'multi-ref' method: use max similarity instead of mean across references",
     )
+    # Hybrid method arguments
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--hybrid-text-threshold",
+        type=float,
+        default=0.60,
+        help="For 'hybrid' method: CLIP threshold when text matches (default: 0.60)",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--hybrid-no-text-threshold",
+        type=float,
+        default=0.80,
+        help="For 'hybrid' method: CLIP threshold when text expected but not found (default: 0.80)",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--text-similarity-threshold",
+        type=float,
+        default=0.5,
+        help="For 'hybrid' method: minimum text similarity to consider a match (default: 0.5)",
+    )
     parser.add_argument(
         "-v", "--verbose",
         action="store_true",
@@ -286,6 +306,14 @@ def main():
         default=None,
         help="Append results summary to this file (no progress output, just results)",
     )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--preprocess-mode",
+        type=str,
+        choices=["default", "letterbox", "stretch"],
+        default="default",
+        help="Image preprocessing mode for CLIP: 'default' (resize+center crop), "
+             "'letterbox' (pad to square with black bars), 'stretch' (distort to square)",
+    )
 
     args = parser.parse_args()
     logger = setup_logging(args.verbose)
@@ -315,12 +343,23 @@ def main():
 
     # Initialize detector
     logger.info(f"Initializing logo detector with embedding model: {args.embedding_model}")
+    if args.preprocess_mode != "default":
+        logger.info(f"Using preprocessing mode: {args.preprocess_mode}")
     detector = DetectLogosDETR(
         logger=logger,
         detr_threshold=args.detr_threshold,
         embedding_model=args.embedding_model,
+        preprocess_mode=args.preprocess_mode,
     )
 
+    # Initialize text detector for hybrid method
+    text_detector = None
+    if args.matching_method == "hybrid":
+        logger.info("Initializing text detector for hybrid matching...")
+        from text_recognition import DetectText
+        text_detector = DetectText(logger=logger, threshold=0.3)
+        detector.set_text_detector(text_detector)
+
     # Load ground truth (both mappings)
     logger.info("Loading ground truth from database...")
     image_to_logos, logo_to_images = get_ground_truth(db_path)
@@ -338,10 +377,15 @@ def main():
     multi_ref_embeddings: Dict[str, List[torch.Tensor]] = {}
     # List for margin-based matching: (logo_name, embedding) tuples
     reference_embeddings: List[Tuple[str, torch.Tensor]] = []
+    # Dict for hybrid matching: logo_name -> {'embeddings': [...], 'texts': [...]}
+    hybrid_reference_data: Dict[str, Dict[str, Any]] = {}
     total_refs = 0
+    logos_with_text = 0
 
     for logo_name, ref_filenames in tqdm(sampled_logos.items(), desc="Reference logos"):
         multi_ref_embeddings[logo_name] = []
+        if args.matching_method == "hybrid":
+            hybrid_reference_data[logo_name] = {'embeddings': [], 'texts': set()}
 
         for ref_filename in ref_filenames:
             ref_path = reference_dir / ref_filename
@@ -354,11 +398,15 @@ def main():
             cache_key = f"ref:{ref_filename}"
             embedding = cache.get(cache_key) if cache else None
 
-            if embedding is None:
+            # Load image if needed (for embedding or text extraction)
+            img = None
+            if embedding is None or args.matching_method == "hybrid":
                 img = load_image(ref_path)
                 if img is None:
                     logger.warning(f"Failed to load reference logo: {ref_path}")
                     continue
+
+            if embedding is None:
                 embedding = detector.get_embedding(img)
                 if cache:
                     cache.put(cache_key, embedding)
@@ -367,7 +415,21 @@ def main():
             reference_embeddings.append((logo_name, embedding))
             total_refs += 1
 
+            # Extract text for hybrid method
+            if args.matching_method == "hybrid" and img is not None:
+                hybrid_reference_data[logo_name]['embeddings'].append(embedding)
+                texts = detector.extract_text(img, min_confidence=0.3)
+                hybrid_reference_data[logo_name]['texts'].update(texts)
+
+        # Convert text set to list for hybrid data
+        if args.matching_method == "hybrid":
+            hybrid_reference_data[logo_name]['texts'] = list(hybrid_reference_data[logo_name]['texts'])
+            if hybrid_reference_data[logo_name]['texts']:
+                logos_with_text += 1
+
     logger.info(f"Computed {total_refs} embeddings for {len(sampled_logos)} logos")
+    if args.matching_method == "hybrid":
+        logger.info(f"Extracted text from {logos_with_text}/{len(sampled_logos)} reference logos")
 
     # Build test set: for each logo, sample positive and negative images
     logger.info(f"Sampling test images: {args.positive_samples} positive, {args.negative_samples} negative per logo...")
@@ -442,17 +504,26 @@ def main():
         cache_key = f"det:{test_filename}"
         cached_detections = cache.get(cache_key) if cache else None
 
+        # For hybrid matching, we always need the original image for text extraction
+        test_img = None
+        if args.matching_method == "hybrid":
+            test_img = load_image(test_path)
+            if test_img is None:
+                logger.warning(f"Failed to load test image: {test_path}")
+                continue
+
         if cached_detections is not None:
             # Cached detections contain serialized box data and embeddings
             detections = cached_detections
         else:
             # Load and detect
-            img = load_image(test_path)
-            if img is None:
-                logger.warning(f"Failed to load test image: {test_path}")
-                continue
+            if test_img is None:
+                test_img = load_image(test_path)
+                if test_img is None:
+                    logger.warning(f"Failed to load test image: {test_path}")
+                    continue
 
-            detections = detector.detect(img)
+            detections = detector.detect(test_img)
 
             # Cache the detections
             if cache:
@@ -549,7 +620,7 @@ def main():
                         "correct": is_correct,
                     })
 
-            else:  # multi-ref
+            elif args.matching_method == "multi-ref":
                 # Multi-ref matching: aggregates scores across reference images
                 match_result = detector.find_best_match_multi_ref(
                     detection["embedding"],
@@ -580,6 +651,50 @@ def main():
                         "correct": is_correct,
                     })
 
+            else:  # hybrid
+                # Hybrid matching: combines text recognition with CLIP
+                # Extract crop from original image for text extraction
+                box = detection["box"]
+                crop = test_img[
+                    int(box["ymin"]):int(box["ymax"]),
+                    int(box["xmin"]):int(box["xmax"])
+                ]
+
+                match_result = detector.find_best_match_hybrid(
+                    detected_embedding=detection["embedding"],
+                    detected_image=crop,
+                    reference_data=hybrid_reference_data,
+                    clip_threshold=args.threshold,
+                    clip_threshold_with_text=args.hybrid_text_threshold,
+                    clip_threshold_text_mismatch=args.hybrid_no_text_threshold,
+                    text_similarity_threshold=args.text_similarity_threshold,
+                    margin=args.margin,
+                    use_mean_similarity=not args.use_max_similarity,
+                )
+                if match_result:
+                    label, similarity, match_info = match_result
+                    matched_logos.add(label)
+
+                    is_correct = label in expected_logos
+                    if is_correct:
+                        true_positives += 1
+                        if args.similarity_details:
+                            similarity_details["true_positive_sims"].append(similarity)
+                    else:
+                        false_positives += 1
+                        if args.similarity_details:
+                            similarity_details["false_positive_sims"].append(similarity)
+
+                    results.append({
+                        "test_image": test_filename,
+                        "matched_logo": label,
+                        "similarity": similarity,
+                        "correct": is_correct,
+                        "text_matched": match_info.get("text_matched", False),
+                        "text_similarity": match_info.get("text_similarity", 0),
+                        "match_type": match_info.get("match_type", "unknown"),
+                    })
+
         # Count missed detections (false negatives)
         missed = expected_logos - matched_logos
         false_negatives += len(missed)
@@ -625,12 +740,18 @@ def main():
     print(f"  Test images processed:     {len(test_images)}")
     print(f"  CLIP similarity threshold: {args.threshold}")
     print(f"  DETR confidence threshold: {args.detr_threshold}")
+    print(f"  Preprocess mode:           {args.preprocess_mode}")
     print(f"  Matching method:           {args.matching_method}")
-    if args.matching_method in ("margin", "multi-ref"):
+    if args.matching_method in ("margin", "multi-ref", "hybrid"):
         print(f"  Matching margin:           {args.margin}")
     if args.matching_method == "multi-ref":
         print(f"  Min matching refs:         {args.min_matching_refs}")
         print(f"  Similarity aggregation:    {'max' if args.use_max_similarity else 'mean'}")
+    if args.matching_method == "hybrid":
+        print(f"  CLIP threshold (text match):    {args.hybrid_text_threshold}")
+        print(f"  CLIP threshold (no text):       {args.hybrid_no_text_threshold}")
+        print(f"  Text similarity threshold:      {args.text_similarity_threshold}")
+        print(f"  Refs with text:            {logos_with_text}/{len(sampled_logos)}")
     if args.seed is not None:
         print(f"  Random seed:               {args.seed}")
 
@@ -818,9 +939,14 @@ def write_results_to_file(
         method_desc = "Simple (all matches above threshold)"
     elif args.matching_method == "margin":
         method_desc = f"Margin-based (margin={args.margin})"
-    else:  # multi-ref
+    elif args.matching_method == "multi-ref":
         agg = "max" if args.use_max_similarity else "mean"
         method_desc = f"Multi-ref ({agg}, min_refs={args.min_matching_refs}, margin={args.margin})"
+    else:  # hybrid
+        method_desc = (
+            f"Hybrid (text+CLIP, text_thresh={args.hybrid_text_threshold}, "
+            f"no_text_thresh={args.hybrid_no_text_threshold}, margin={args.margin})"
+        )
 
     lines = [
         "=" * 70,
@@ -832,6 +958,7 @@ def write_results_to_file(
         "",
         "Configuration:",
         f"  Embedding model:           {args.embedding_model}",
+        f"  Preprocess mode:           {args.preprocess_mode}",
         f"  Reference logos:           {num_logos}",
         f"  Refs per logo:             {args.refs_per_logo}",
         f"  Total reference embeddings:{total_refs}",